这篇文章主要介绍MySQL源码安装的示例分析，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！
操作系统：CentOS 6.7
MySQL版本：5.6.30
· 1.前期准备
· 2.系统配置
· 3.CMake编译配置
· 4.make && make install
· 5.后期配置和测试
· Reference
1.前期准备
首先需要CMake，可以yum直接安装：
yum install cmake
也可以官网 https://cmake.org/ 下载源码编译。
我这里选择了官网下载最新版本cmake-3.5.2.tar.gz。
# tar -zxvf cmake-3.5.2.tar.gz && cd cmake-3.5.2
# ./configure
部分输出略。
-- Build files have been written to: /soft/cmake-3.5.2
---------------------------------------------
CMake has bootstrapped. Now run gmake.
# gmake
# make install
2.系统配置
添加组和用户：
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
vi /etc/security/limits.conf 文件末尾添加：
mysql soft nproc 2047
mysql hard nproc 16384
mysql soft nofile 1024
mysql hard nofile 65536
3.CMake编译配置
解压源码包：
tar zxvf mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.6.30
CMake编译配置
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DCOMPILATION_COMMENT='JSS for mysqltest' \
-DWITH_READLINE=ON \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/data/mysqldata/3306 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
遇到以下错误，
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:85 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package,
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
cmake/readline.cmake:128 (FIND_CURSES)
cmake/readline.cmake:202 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_EDITLINE)
CMakeLists.txt:421 (MYSQL_CHECK_EDITLINE)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "/soft/mysql-5.6.30/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
See also "/soft/mysql-5.6.30/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".
[root@JY-DB mysql-5.6.30]#
yum安装提示缺失的包：
yum install ncurses-devel
重新删除配置文件：
rm -rf CMakeCache.txt
然后重新CMake工具编译：
CMake Warning:
Manually-specified variables were not used by the project:
WITH_READLINE
-- Build files have been written to: /soft/mysql-5.6.30
[root@JY-DB mysql-5.6.30]#
4.make && make install
[root@JY-DB mysql-5.6.30]# make && make install
大量输出略。
这个时间会比较长，也跟机器性能有关。
5.后期配置和测试
5.1 打包MySQL二进制版本：
[root@JY-DB data]# tar zcvf mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz /usr/local/mysql/
5.2 修改MySQL软件所在目录拥有者：
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
5.3 修改mysql用户环境变量：
vi ~/.bash_profile
export LANG=zh_CN.GB18030
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
5.4 创建数据库服务：
# mkdir -p /data/mysqldata/{3306/{data,tmp,binlog},backup,scripts}
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysqldata
# su - mysql
$ more /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf
$ vi /data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf
my.cnf配置文件内容如下：
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
#The MySQL Server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
socket = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.pid
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysqldata/3306/data
tmpdir = /data/mysqldata/3306/tmp
open_files_limit = 10240
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#Buffer
max_allowed_packet = 256M
max_heap_table_size = 256M
net_buffer_length = 8k
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
#Log
log-bin = /data/mysqldata/3306/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size = 32M
max_binlog_cache_size = 512M
max_binlog_size = 512M
binlog_format = mixed
log_output = FILE
log-error = ../mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = ../slow_query.log
general_log = 0
general_log_file = ../general_query.log
expire-logs-days = 14
#InnoDB
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2048M:autoextend
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt = (\u@\h)[\d]>\_
default-character-set = gbk
初始化MySQL数据库：
$ /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysqldata/3306/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
5.5 启动数据库服务：
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf &
测试连接并查看MySQL进程和端口监听状态：
netstat -lnt | grep 3306
ps -ef | grep bin/mysql | grep -v grep
实际操作过程如下：
[root@JY-DB ~]# su - mysql
[mysql@JY-DB ~]$ mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.30-log JSS for mysqltest
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
(root@localhost)[(none)]> exit
Bye
[mysql@JY-DB ~]$ netstat -lnt |grep 3306
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN
[mysql@JY-DB ~]$
[mysql@JY-DB ~]$ ps -ef | grep bin/mysql | grep -v grep
mysql 6736 1753 0 11:24 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf
mysql 7202 6736 0 11:24 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldata/3306/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/data/mysqldata/3306/data/../mysql-error.log --open-files-limit=10240 --pid-file=/data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.pid --socket=/data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock --port=3306
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