1、查看内核版本：uname -a。
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2、控制台-》图形界面：init 5或者startx。
3、图形界面-》控制台: init3或者直接注销。
4、如何查看ip地址：ifconfig。
5、配置ip:ifconfig eth0 ip地址。
6、重启：reboot 或者 shutdown -r now。
7、普通用户切换到系统用户:su。
8、注销用户指令：logout。
9、从子机退出：ctrl+alt。
10、全屏：ctrl+alt+enter 。
11、退出全屏：ctrl+alt。
12、添加普通用户：useradd 用户名 用户信息存放在/etc/passwd中。
13、浏览某个文件，不能修改：cat/etc/passwd。
14、给用户设置密码：passwd 用户名。
15、普通用户默认情况下，在本用户目录下，不能进入别的用户目录下，但可以修改。
16、显示当前用户所在目录：pwd。
按 下面的步骤去做，改变分辨率。你是在虚拟机下面装的吧？xp系统下的虚拟机中安装了linux后，虚拟机VMware中的linux界面太小，是由于linux分辨率太低(通常为800×600)造成的，可以通过安装VMware Tools来更改分辨率到1024×768来解决这个问题，下面说明安装VMware Tools并配置分辨率的步骤：1.安装工具。让虚拟机运行于窗口状态，不要全屏，按Ctrl+Alt让鼠标释放出来。在VMware的菜单栏上选择"虚拟机/安装虚拟机工具(VM/Install VMware Tools...)"。然后切换到客户操作系统，即Linux。2.挂载光盘。# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom3.执行命令。进入虚拟光盘，可以看到有两个文件，一个是压缩包，一个为rpm包。直接运行rpm包安装，命令行也可。rpm -Uvh VMwareTools-版本号-版本号.i386.rpm# cd /mnt/cdrom# ls -l有两上文件 ：VMwareTools-5.5.1-19175.i386.rpmVMwareTools-5.5.1-19175.tar.gz并把这两个文件拷贝到你的文件下 如 /tmp#cp VMwareTools-5.5.1-19175.tar.gz /tmp#cp VMwareTools-5.5.1-19175.i386.rpm /tmp#cd /tmp#rpm -ivh VMwareTools-5.5.1-19175.i386.rpm4.上述操作完成后，进入/usr/bin目录，查找vmware-config-tools.pl.找到后，运行它。5.一路回车6.#tar -xzvf VMwareTools-5.5.1-19175.tar.gz#cd vmware-tools-distrib#./vmware-install.plCreating a new installer database using the tar3 format.Installing the content of the package.# 安装过程的画面，全部使用默认值，一直按 Enter 就对了In which directory do you want to install the binary files?[/usr/bin]What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?[/etc/rc.d]What is the directory that contains the init scripts?[/etc/rc.d/init.d]In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?[/usr/sbin]In which directory do you want to install the library files?[/usr/lib/vmware-tools]Thepath "/usr/lib/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program isgoingto create it, including needed parent directories. Is this whatyou want?[yes]In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?[/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]Thepath "/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. Thisprogram isgoing to create it, including needed parent directories. Isthis what you want?[yes]The installation of VMware Tools 5.5.1 build-19175 for Linux completedsuccessfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at anytime by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl".Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it byinvoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl". Do you wantthis program to invoke the command for you now? [yes]Stopping VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:Guest operating system daemon: [ 确定 ]Trying to find a suitable vmhgfs module for your running kernel.The module bld-2.6.9-5.EL-i686-RHEL4 loads perfectly in the running kernel.pcnet32 30153 0Unloading pcnet32 moduleTrying to find a suitable vmxnet module for your running kernel.The module bld-2.6.9-5.EL-i686-RHEL4 loads perfectly in the running kernel.Detected X.org version 6.8.关闭控制台鼠标服务： [ 确定 ]启动控制台鼠标服务： [ 确定 ]Please choose one of the following display sizes (1 - 13):# 显示分辨率，这里是以 1024x768 为例# VMware Tools 安装的时候，会自动修改 X server 的配置文件[1] "640x480"[2] "800x600"[3] "1024x768"[4] "1152x864"[5] "1280x800"[6] "1152x900"[7] "1280x1024"[8] "1376x1032"[9] "1400x1050"[10] "1680x1050"[11] "1600x1200"[12] "1920x1200"[13] "2364x1773"Please enter a number between 1 and 13:[2] 3X Window System Version 6.8.2Release Date: 9 February 2005X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 6.8.2Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.9-34.EL i686 [ELF]Current Operating System: Linux rd01.domain 2.6.9-34.EL #1 Wed Mar 8 00:07:35 CST 2006 i686Build Date: 04 May 2006Build Host: x8664-build.centos.orgBefore reporting problems, check make sure that you have the latest version.Module Loader presentOSKernel: Linux version 2.6.9-34.EL (buildcentos@build-i386) (gcc version3.4.5 20051201 (Red Hat 3.4.5-2)) #1 Wed Mar 8 00:07:35 CST 2006 PMarkers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.(++) Log file: "/tmp/vmware-config0/XF86ConfigLog.3131", Time: Mon Jun 12 20:57:3
按一下ESC键输入
:q ——退出（文件没改变的情况下）
:q! ——强制退出（不保存）
:wq ——保存退出
:x ——保存退出
