我自己做的系统里面用作验证码的JSP的
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%@page contentType="image/jpeg;charset=utf-8"%
%@page import="java.util.*,java.awt.*,java.awt.image.*,javax.imageio.*" %
%@ page import="java.io.OutputStream" %
html
body
%!
Color getRandColor(int fc,int bc)
{
Random rd=new Random();
if(fc255) fc=255;
if(bc255) bc=255;
int red=fc+rd.nextInt(bc-fc);
int green=fc+rd.nextInt(bc-fc);
int blue=fc+rd.nextInt(bc-fc);
return new Color(red,green,blue);
}
%
%
Random r=new Random();
response.addHeader("Pragma","No-cache");
response.addHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
response.addDateHeader("expires",0);
int width=90;
int height=23;
BufferedImage pic=new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics gc=pic.getGraphics();
gc.setColor(getRandColor(200,250));
gc.fillRect(0,0,width,height);
String[] rNum ={"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","a","b","c","d","e","f",
"g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w",
"x","y","z","A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N",
"O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"};
int[] style = {Font.PLAIN,Font.BOLD,Font.ITALIC,Font.PLAIN+Font.BOLD,
Font.BOLD+Font.ITALIC,Font.PLAIN+Font.ITALIC,Font.PLAIN+Font.BOLD+Font.ITALIC};
gc.setColor(Color.WHITE);
gc.drawLine(0,30,90,10);
gc.setColor(getRandColor(160,200));
for (int i=0;i50;i++)
{
int x = r.nextInt(width);
int y = r.nextInt(height);
int xl = r.nextInt(10);
int yl = r.nextInt(10);
gc.drawLine(x,y,x+xl,y+yl);
}
gc.setColor(getRandColor(60,150));
String rt = "";
for(int i=0;i4;i++){
String temp = rNum[r.nextInt(62)];
rt = rt+temp;
gc.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman",style[r.nextInt(7)],15));
gc.drawString(temp,5+i*15+r.nextInt(10),10+r.nextInt(10));
}
gc.dispose();
session.setAttribute("randNum",rt);
OutputStream os=response.getOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(pic,"JPEG",os);
System.out.println("当前验证码为:"+session.getAttribute("randNum"));
os.flush();
os.close();
os=null;
response.flushBuffer();
out.clear();
out = pageContext.pushBody();
%
/body
/html
Java如何实现验证码验证功能呢？日常生活中，验证码随处可见，他可以在一定程度上保护账号安全，那么他是怎么实现的呢？
Java实现验证码验证功能其实非常简单：用到了一个Graphics类在画板上绘制字母，随机选取一定数量的字母随机生成，然后在画板上随机生成几条干扰线。
首先，写一个验证码生成帮助类，用来绘制随机字母：
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public final class GraphicHelper {
/**
* 以字符串形式返回生成的验证码，同时输出一个图片
*
* @param width
* 图片的宽度
* @param height
* 图片的高度
* @param imgType
* 图片的类型
* @param output
* 图片的输出流(图片将输出到这个流中)
* @return 返回所生成的验证码(字符串)
*/
public static String create(final int width, final int height, final String imgType, OutputStream output) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
Random random = new Random();
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics graphic = image.getGraphics();
graphic.setColor(Color.getColor("F8F8F8"));
graphic.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
Color[] colors = new Color[] { Color.BLUE, Color.GRAY, Color.GREEN, Color.RED, Color.BLACK, Color.ORANGE,
Color.CYAN };
// 在 "画板"上生成干扰线条 ( 50 是线条个数)
for (int i = 0; i 50; i++) {
graphic.setColor(colors[random.nextInt(colors.length)]);
final int x = random.nextInt(width);
final int y = random.nextInt(height);
final int w = random.nextInt(20);
final int h = random.nextInt(20);
final int signA = random.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1;
final int signB = random.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1;
graphic.drawLine(x, y, x + w * signA, y + h * signB);
}
// 在 "画板"上绘制字母
graphic.setFont(new Font("Comic Sans MS", Font.BOLD, 30));
for (int i = 0; i 6; i++) {
final int temp = random.nextInt(26) + 97;
String s = String.valueOf((char) temp);
sb.append(s);
graphic.setColor(colors[random.nextInt(colors.length)]);
graphic.drawString(s, i * (width / 6), height - (height / 3));
}
graphic.dispose();
try {
ImageIO.write(image, imgType, output);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
接着，创建一个servlet，用来固定图片大小，以及处理验证码的使用场景，以及捕获页面生成的验证码（捕获到的二维码与用户输入的验证码一致才能通过）。
import java.io.OutputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/verify/regist.do" )
public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 3398560501558431737L;
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// 获得 当前请求 对应的 会话对象
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
// 从请求中获得 URI ( 统一资源标识符 )
String uri = request.getRequestURI();
System.out.println("hello : " + uri);
final int width = 180; // 图片宽度
final int height = 40; // 图片高度
final String imgType = "jpeg"; // 指定图片格式 (不是指MIME类型)
final OutputStream output = response.getOutputStream(); // 获得可以向客户端返回图片的输出流
// (字节流)
// 创建验证码图片并返回图片上的字符串
String code = GraphicHelper.create(width, height, imgType, output);
System.out.println("验证码内容: " + code);
// 建立 uri 和 相应的 验证码 的关联 ( 存储到当前会话对象的属性中 )
session.setAttribute(uri, code);
System.out.println(session.getAttribute(uri));
}
}
接着写一个HTML注册页面用来检验一下：
html
head
meta charset="UTF-8"
title注册/title
link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/general.css"
link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/cell.css"
link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/form.css"
script type="text/javascript" src="js/ref.js"/script
style type="text/css"
.logo-container {
margin-top: 50px ;
}
.logo-container img {
width: 100px ;
}
.message-container {
height: 80px ;
}
.link-container {
height: 40px ;
line-height: 40px ;
}
.link-container a {
text-decoration: none ;
}
/style
/head
body
div class="container form-container"
form action="/wendao/regist.do" method="post"
div class="form" !-- 注册表单开始 --
div class="form-row"
span class="cell-1"
i class="fa fa-user"/i
/span
span class="cell-11" style="text-align: left;"
input type="text" name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名"
/span
/div
div class="form-row"
span class="cell-1"
i class="fa fa-key"/i
/span
span class="cell-11" style="text-align: left;"
input type="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码"
/span
/div
div class="form-row"
span class="cell-1"
i class="fa fa-keyboard-o"/i
/span
span class="cell-11" style="text-align: left;"
input type="password" name="confirm" placeholder="请确认密码"
/span
/div
div class="form-row"
span class="cell-7"
input type="text" name="verifyCode" placeholder="请输入验证码"
/span
span class="cell-5" style="text-align: center;"
img src="/demo/verify/regist.do" onclick="myRefersh(this)"
/span
/div
div class="form-row" style="border: none;"
span class="cell-6" style="text-align: left"
input type="reset" value="重置"
/span
span class="cell-6" style="text-align:right;"
input type="submit" value="注册"
/span
/div
/div !-- 注册表单结束 --
/form
/div
/body
/html
效果如下图：
在控制台接收到的图片中验证码的变化如下：
当点击刷新页面的时候，验证码也会随着变化，但我们看不清验证码时，只要点击验证码就会刷新，这样局部的刷新可以用JavaScript来实现。
在img
src="/demo/verify/regist.do"中，添加一个问号和一串后缀数字，当刷新时让后缀数字不断改变，那么形成的验证码也会不断变化，我们可以采用的一种办法是后缀数字用date代替，date获取本机时间，时间是随时变的，这样就保证了刷新验证码可以随时变化。
代码如下：
function myRefersh( e ) {
const source = e.src ; // 获得原来的 src 中的内容
//console.log( "source : " + source ) ;
var index = source.indexOf( "?" ) ; // 从 source 中寻找 ? 第一次出现的位置 (如果不存在则返回 -1 )
//console.log( "index : " + index ) ;
if( index -1 ) { // 如果找到了 ? 就进入内部
var s = source.substring( 0 , index ) ; // 从 source 中截取 index 之前的内容 ( index 以及 index 之后的内容都被舍弃 )
//console.log( "s : " + s ) ;
var date = new Date(); // 创建一个 Date 对象的 一个 实例
var time = date.getTime() ; // 从 新创建的 Date 对象的实例中获得该时间对应毫秒值
e.src = s + "?time=" + time ; // 将 加了 尾巴 的 地址 重新放入到 src 上
//console.log( e.src ) ;
} else {
var date = new Date();
e.src = source + "?time=" + date.getTime();
}
}
如回答不详细可追问
%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%
%@page import="java.awt.image.BufferedImage"%
%@page import="java.awt.Graphics2D"%
%@page import="java.awt.Color"%
%@page import="java.awt.Font"%
%@page import="javax.imageio.ImageIO"%
%
int width = 60;
int height = 20;
// 创建具有可访问图像数据缓冲区的Image
BufferedImage buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g = buffImg.createGraphics();
// 创建一个随机数生成器
Random random = new Random();
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 创建字体，字体的大小应该根据图片的高度来定
Font font = new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18);
// 设置字体
g.setFont(font);
// 画边框
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
// 随机产生160条干扰线
g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
for (int i = 0; i 160; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
int x1 = random.nextInt(12);
int y1 = random.nextInt(12);
g.drawLine(x, y, x + x1, y + y1);
}
// randomCode 用于保存随机产生的验证码
StringBuffer randomCode = new StringBuffer();
int red = 0, green = 0, blue = 0;
// 随机产生4位数字的验证码
for (int i = 0; i 4; i++) {
// 得到随机产生的验证码数字
String strRand = String.valueOf(random.nextInt(10));
// 产生随机的颜色分量来构造颜色值
red = random.nextInt(110);
green = random.nextInt(50);
blue = random.nextInt(50);
// 用随机产生的颜色将验证码绘制到图像中
g.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue));
g.drawString(strRand, 13 * i + 6, 16);
randomCode.append(strRand);
}
// 将四位数字的验证码保存到session中
//HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("randomCode", randomCode.toString());
// 禁止图像缓存
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
// 将图像输出到servlet输出流中
ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(buffImg, "jpeg", sos);
sos.close();
//sos = null;
out.clear();
out = pageContext.pushBody();
%
