本篇内容主要讲解“hadoop伪分布式的安装步骤”，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“hadoop伪分布式的安装步骤”吧!
1. 解压缩 /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1.tar.gz 文件
[root@hadoop002 software]$ cd /opt/software/
[root@hadoop002 software]$ pwd
/opt/software
[root@hadoop002 software]$ tar -xzvf hadoop-2.8.1.tar.gz
[root@hadoop002 software]$ ll
total 208784
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Nov 10 2015 apache-maven-3.3.9
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8617253 Apr 23 15:14 apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.zip
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Aug 21 2009 findbugs-1.3.9
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7546219 Apr 23 15:14 findbugs-1.3.9.zip
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 4096 Apr 23 16:36 hadoop-2.8.1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 194976866 Apr 23 15:40 hadoop-2.8.1.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 10 109965 5000 4096 Apr 23 15:26 protobuf-2.5.0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2401901 Apr 23 15:15 protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz
2. 添加软连接
[root@hadoop002 software]$ ln -s /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1 /opt/software/hadoop
[root@hadoop002 software]$ ll
total 208784
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Nov 10 2015 apache-maven-3.3.9
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8617253 Apr 23 15:14 apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.zip
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Aug 21 2009 findbugs-1.3.9
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7546219 Apr 23 15:14 findbugs-1.3.9.zip
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 26 Apr 23 15:41 hadoop -> /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 4096 Apr 23 16:36 hadoop-2.8.1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 194976866 Apr 23 15:40 hadoop-2.8.1.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 10 109965 5000 4096 Apr 23 15:26 protobuf-2.5.0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2401901 Apr 23 15:15 protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz
3. 设置环境变量
[root@hadoop002 software]$ vi /etc/profile
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/software/hadoop
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$FINDBUGS_HOME/bin:$PROTOC_HOME/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
-- 环境变量生效
[root@hadoop002 software]$ source /etc/profile
4. 修改软连接所属的用户和用户组
[root@hadoop002 software]$ chown -R hadoop:hadoop hadoop/*
5. 将hadoop-2.8.1文件的所属的用户和用户组 修改为hadoop
[root@hadoop002 software]$ chown -R hadoop:hadoop hadoop-2.8.1
[root@hadoop002 software]$ chown -R hadoop:hadoop hadoop-2.8.1/*
6. 切换hadoop用户
[root@hadoop002 hadoop]# su - hadoop
[hadoop@hadoop002 ~]$ cd /opt/software/hadoop
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ ll
total 148
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 18 14:11 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 18 14:10 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 18 14:11 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 18 14:10 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 18 14:11 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 18 14:11 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 18 14:10 share
bin：可执行文件
etc：配置文件
sbin： shell脚本 启动，关闭hdfs，yarn服务
7. # 删除txt文件
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ rm -f *.txt
8. 配置hadoop用户的ssh信任关系
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Created directory '/home/hadoop/.ssh'.
Your identification has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
29:06:4c:1a:a4:74:b4:f4:c2:43:8a:07:68:00:fa:e4 hadoop@hadoop002
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|Bo+=. |
|=+*=o |
|=.+=o. |
| = o. . |
| E o S |
| . . |
| |
| |
| |
+-----------------+
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ ssh hadoop002 date # 第一次回车需要输入yes
The authenticity of host 'hadoop002 (192.168.90.164)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 3a:51:6d:9b:94:d3:91:bf:fd:ab:da:0a:5b:8c:f2:6c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'hadoop002 ,192.168.90.164' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Tue May 22 10:46:32 CST 2018
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ ssh hadoop002 date # 不需要回车输入yes，即OK
Tue May 22 10:46:37 CST 2018
9. 配置文件
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ pwd
/opt/software/hadoop
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ vi etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
fs.defaultFS
hdfs://localhost:9000
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
dfs.replication
1
10. 格式化 和 启动
# 添加环境变量
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ vi etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11
#查看hdfs命令的路径
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ which hdfs
/opt/sofeware/hadoop/bin/hdfs
#格式化
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ bin/hdfs namenode -format
........
18/04/19 12:53:42 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /tmp/hadoop-hadoop/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.
# 启动hdfs
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [192.168.90.164]
192.168.90.164: namenode running as process 15421. Stop it first.
localhost: datanode running as process 15523. Stop it first.
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: secondarynamenode running as process 15717. Stop it first.
#通过 jps查看进程
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ jps
15523 DataNode
15717 SecondaryNameNode
15421 NameNode
16877 Jps
11 修改dfs启动的进程以hadoop002启动
#修改前的启动
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [192.168.90.164]
192.168.90.164: starting namenode, logging to /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-localhost.localdomain.out
localhost: starting datanode, logging to /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-localhost.localdomain.out
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-localhost.localdomain.out
配置 在hadoop002上启动
三个进程：
namenode： 192.168.90.164 bin/hdfs getconf -namenodes etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
datanode： localhost using default slaves file etc/hadoop/slaves # 修改slaves文件里面的内容为hadoop002
secondarynamenode： 0.0.0.0
#修改文件：etc/hadoop/core-site.xml:
fs.defaultFS
hdfs://hadoop002:9000
# 修改slaves文件里面的内容为hadoop002
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop]$ vi etc/hadoop/slaves
#localhost
hadoop002
#修改文件：etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
添加：
dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address
hadoop002:50090 #默认是0.0.0.0:50090
dfs.namenode.secondary.https-address
hadoop002:50091#默认是0.0.0.0:50091
0.0.0.0 是一个非常特殊的IP，代表的是当前机器的IP。
# 配置好后，再次启动
[hadoop@hadoop002 sbin]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [hadoop002]
hadoop002: starting namenode, logging to /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop002.out
hadoop002: starting datanode, logging to /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop002.out
Starting secondary namenodes [hadoop002]
hadoop002: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-hadoop002.out
到这里就安装完成了。
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