如何使用HTTP实现文本传输，相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策，为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法，通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。
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HTTP协议即超文本传送协议(Hypertext Transfer Protocol )，是Web联网的基础，HTTP协议是建立在TCP协议之上的一种应用。由于HTTP在每次请求结束后都会主动释放连接，因此HTTP连接是一种短连接。HTTP遵循请求（Request）/应答（Response）模型。所以一定需要实现请求(Gk8HttpRequest)。同时需要实现返回(Gk8HttpResponse)。在游戏研发编程中HTTP请求类型常用的就是GET和POST。框架设计中就需要实现完成HTTP请求和返回的Gk8HttpClient类。HTTP不管是文本传输还是二进制传输Gk8HttpClient类都能兼容完成响应的功能。HTTP文本传输方便简洁。实现轻量级通信的最佳方式。
libCurl作为是一个多协议的便于客户端使用的URL传输库，基于C语言，提供C语言的API接口。底层通信都是使用libCurl库来完成。具体可找相关资料和参阅相关代码。C语言封装开发的优势就是支持跨平台。Windows平台，安卓平台，IOS平台。跨平台迁移代码无需再次开发。一劳永逸的解决通信问题。为了方便开发时HTTP并发和回调。又实现了Gk8HttpServlet类(httpnet目录中)。高度封装的代码目的就是易于理解便于使用。
C++实现网络HTTP请求类：Gk8HttpRequest.h
#ifndef __GK8HTTPREQUEST_H__
#define __GK8HTTPREQUEST_H__
#pragma once
#include "Gk8BaseObj.h"
#include "Gk8ByteMaker.h"
#include "Gk8Str.h"
typedef GK8_VOID (Gk8BaseObj::*HTTPREQUEST_CALLBACK_FUN)(GK8_LPVOID pHttpResponse);
class Gk8HttpRequest
{
public:
//[定义HTTP请求类型]
typedef enum
{
kHttpGet,
kHttpPost,
kHttpUnkown,
}HttpRequestType;
protected:
HttpRequestType m_eRequestType; //[HTTP请求类型]
Gk8Str m_sHttpUrl; //[HTTP请求地址]
Gk8ByteMaker m_iRequestData; //[HTTP请求数据]
Gk8BaseObj* m_pTarget; //[HTTP请求回调目标对象]
HTTPREQUEST_CALLBACK_FUN m_pSelector; //[HTTP请求回调函数]
public:
Gk8HttpRequest()
{
m_eRequestType=kHttpUnkown;
m_sHttpUrl.Empty();
m_iRequestData.Destroy();
m_pTarget=NULL;
m_pSelector=NULL;
};
virtual ~Gk8HttpRequest()
{
ClearRequestData();
};
inline GK8_VOID ClearRequestData()
{
m_iRequestData.Destroy();
}
inline GK8_VOID SetRequestType(HttpRequestType eRequestType)
{
m_eRequestType=eRequestType;
};
inline HttpRequestType GetRequestType()
{
return m_eRequestType;
};
inline GK8_VOID SetHttpUrl(GK8_LPCSTR lpHttpUrl)
{
m_sHttpUrl=lpHttpUrl;
};
inline GK8_LPCSTR GetHttpUrl()
{
return m_sHttpUrl;
};
inline GK8_VOID SetRequestData(Gk8ByteMaker* pRequestData)
{
pRequestData->ShiftTo(m_iRequestData);
};
inline Gk8ByteMaker* GetRequestData()
{
return &m_iRequestData;
}
inline GK8_INT GetRequestDataSize()
{
return m_iRequestData.GetStreamSize();
}
inline GK8_VOID SetResponseCallBack(Gk8BaseObj* pTarget,HTTPREQUEST_CALLBACK_FUN pSelector)
{
m_pTarget=pTarget;
m_pSelector=pSelector;
}
inline Gk8BaseObj* GetTarget()
{
return m_pTarget;
}
inline HTTPREQUEST_CALLBACK_FUN GetSelector()
{
return m_pSelector;
}
};
#endifC++实现网络HTTP返回类：Gk8HttpResponse.h
#ifndef __GK8HTTPRESPONSE_H__
#define __GK8HTTPRESPONSE_H__
#pragma once
#include "Gk8HttpRequest.h"
class Gk8HttpResponse
{
protected:
Gk8HttpRequest* m_pHttpRequest; //[HTTP请求类]
GK8_BOOL m_bSucceed; //[HTTP请求反馈成功]
Gk8ByteMaker m_iResponseData; //[HTTP请求反馈数据]
GK8_INT m_nResponseCode; //[HTTP请求反馈码]
Gk8Str m_sErrorBuffer; //[HTTP请求错误信息]
protected:
GK8_BOOL InitWithRequest(Gk8HttpRequest* pHttpRequest);
public:
Gk8HttpResponse(Gk8HttpRequest* pHttpRequest)
{
m_pHttpRequest=pHttpRequest;
m_bSucceed=false;
m_iResponseData.Destroy();
m_sErrorBuffer.Empty();
}
virtual ~Gk8HttpResponse()
{
if(m_pHttpRequest) delete m_pHttpRequest;
ClearResponseData();
}
inline GK8_VOID ClearResponseData()
{
m_iResponseData.Destroy();
}
inline Gk8HttpRequest* GetHttpRequest()
{
return m_pHttpRequest;
}
inline GK8_VOID SetSucceed(GK8_BOOL bSucceed)
{
m_bSucceed=bSucceed;
};
inline GK8_BOOL IsSucceed()
{
return m_bSucceed;
};
inline GK8_VOID SetResponseData(Gk8ByteMaker* pResponseData)
{
pResponseData->ShiftTo(m_iResponseData);
}
inline Gk8ByteMaker* GetResponseData()
{
return &m_iResponseData;
}
inline GK8_VOID SetResponseCode(GK8_INT nResponseCode)
{
m_nResponseCode=nResponseCode;
}
inline GK8_INT GetResponseCode()
{
return m_nResponseCode;
}
inline GK8_VOID SetErrorBuffer(GK8_LPCSTR lpErrorBuffer)
{
m_sErrorBuffer=lpErrorBuffer;
};
inline GK8_LPCSTR GetErrorBuffer()
{
return m_sErrorBuffer;
}
};
#endifC++实现HTTP通信类：Gk8HttpClient.h
#ifndef __GK8HTTPCLIENT_H__
#define __GK8HTTPCLIENT_H__
#pragma once
#include "Gk8HttpRequest.h"
#include "Gk8HttpResponse.h"
class Gk8HttpClient
{
private:
GK8_INT m_nTimeOutForConnect; //[连接超时时间]
GK8_INT m_nTimeOutForRead; //[读取超时时间]
private:
Gk8HttpClient();
virtual ~Gk8HttpClient();
GK8_BOOL InitThreadSemphore();
public:
inline GK8_VOID SetTimeoutForConnect(GK8_INT nTimeOutForConnect){m_nTimeOutForConnect=nTimeOutForConnect;};
inline GK8_INT GetTimeoutForConnect(){return m_nTimeOutForConnect;}
inline GK8_VOID SetTimeoutForRead(GK8_INT nTimeOutForRead){m_nTimeOutForRead=nTimeOutForRead;};
inline GK8_INT GetTimeoutForRead(){return m_nTimeOutForRead;};
GK8_VOID Send(Gk8HttpRequest* pHttpRequest);
GK8_VOID HttpClientTick();
static Gk8HttpClient* GetInstance();
};
#endifC++实现HTTP通信类：Gk8HttpClient.cpp
#include "Gk8HttpClient.h"
#include "curl/curl.h"
#include "Gk8OperSys.h"
#include "Gk8SetMb.cpp"
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
static Gk8HttpClient* sg_pHttpClient=NULL; //[静态HTTP客户端]
static GK8_BOOL sg_bHttpClientQuit=false; //[退出HTTP]
static sem_t* sg_pSem=NULL; //[信号量的数据类型]
static GK8_INT sg_AsyncRequestCount=0; //[同步请求数]
//[线程及互斥定义]
static pthread_t sg_NetWorkThread; //[HTTP线程]
static pthread_mutex_t sg_RequestQueueMutex; //[HTTP请求队列互斥体]
static pthread_mutex_t sg_ResponseQueueMutex; //[HTTP响应队列互斥体]
static Gk8SetMb sg_iRequestQueue; //[HTTP请求队列]
static Gk8SetMb sg_iResponseQueue; //[HTTP响应队列]
static GK8_CHAR sg_szErrorBuf[CURL_ERROR_SIZE]; //[错误信息]
static Gk8Str sg_iErrorStr;
typedef size_t (*HTTPWRITE_CALLBACK)(GK8_LPVOID lpData,size_t nSize,size_t nMemBlock,GK8_LPVOID lpResponseData);
#if (GK8_TARGET_PLATFORM==GK8_PLATFORM_IOS)
#define GK8_ASYNC_HTTPREQUEST_USE_NAMED_SEMAPHORE 1
#else
#define GK8_ASYNC_HTTPREQUEST_USE_NAMED_SEMAPHORE 0
#endif
#if GK8_ASYNC_HTTPREQUEST_USE_NAMED_SEMAPHORE
#define GK8_ASYNC_HTTPREQUEST_SEMAPHORE "Gk8HttpAsync"
#else
static sem_t sg_iSem;
#endif
GK8_BOOL ConfigureCURL(CURL* pCurl);
GK8_INT ProcessGetTask(Gk8HttpRequest* pHttpRequest,HTTPWRITE_CALLBACK lpCallBack,GK8_LPVOID lpStream,GK8_LPINT lpResponseCode);
GK8_INT ProcessPostTask(Gk8HttpRequest* pHttpRequest,HTTPWRITE_CALLBACK lpCallBack,GK8_LPVOID lpStream,GK8_LPINT lpResponseCode);
//[接收HTTP数据]
size_t WriteHttpData(GK8_LPVOID lpData,size_t nSize,size_t nMemBlock,GK8_LPVOID lpResponseData)
{
Gk8ByteMaker* pResponseData=(Gk8ByteMaker*)lpResponseData;
size_t nLength=nSize*nMemBlock;
pResponseData->WriteBuf(lpData,(GK8_INT)nLength);
return nLength;
}
//[设置CURL超时属性设置]
GK8_BOOL ConfigureCURL(CURL* pCurl)
{
if(!pCurl) return false;
CURLcode nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER,sg_szErrorBuf);
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) return false;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_TIMEOUT,Gk8HttpClient::GetInstance()->GetTimeoutForRead());
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) return false;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT,Gk8HttpClient::GetInstance()->GetTimeoutForConnect());
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) return false;
curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER,0L);
curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST,0L);
curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL,1L);
return true;
}
//[处理Get请求]
GK8_INT ProcessGetTask(Gk8HttpRequest* pHttpRequest,HTTPWRITE_CALLBACK lpCallBack,GK8_LPVOID lpStream,GK8_LPINT lpResponseCode)
{
CURLcode nCurlCode=CURL_LAST;
CURL* pCurl=curl_easy_init();
do
{
if(!ConfigureCURL(pCurl)) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_URL,pHttpRequest->GetHttpUrl());
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,lpCallBack);
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_WRITEDATA,lpStream);
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION,true);
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_USERAGENT,"libcurl-agent/1.0");
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_perform(pCurl);
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_getinfo(pCurl,CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE,lpResponseCode);
//[200:指示客服端的请求已经成功收到，解析，接受]
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK||*lpResponseCode!=200)
{
nCurlCode=CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR;
}
}while(0);
if(pCurl) curl_easy_cleanup(pCurl);
return (nCurlCode==CURLE_OK?0:1);
}
//[处理POST请求:流的行事发出]
GK8_INT ProcessPostTask(Gk8HttpRequest* pHttpRequest,HTTPWRITE_CALLBACK lpCallBack,GK8_LPVOID lpStream,GK8_LPINT lpResponseCode)
{
CURLcode nCurlCode=CURL_LAST;
CURL* pCurl=curl_easy_init();
do
{
if(!ConfigureCURL(pCurl)) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_URL,pHttpRequest->GetHttpUrl());
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,lpCallBack);
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_WRITEDATA,lpStream);
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_POST,1);
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,pHttpRequest->GetRequestData()->GetBuf());
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_setopt(pCurl,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE,pHttpRequest->GetRequestDataSize());
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_perform(pCurl);
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK) break;
nCurlCode=curl_easy_getinfo(pCurl,CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE,lpResponseCode);
if(nCurlCode!=CURLE_OK||*lpResponseCode!=200)
{
nCurlCode=CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR;
}
}while(0);
if(pCurl) curl_easy_cleanup(pCurl);
return (nCurlCode==CURLE_OK?0:1);
}
//[创建网络线程]
static GK8_LPVOID NetWorkThread(GK8_LPVOID lpData)
{
Gk8HttpRequest* pHttpRequest=NULL;
Gk8HttpResponse* pHttpResponse=NULL;
while(true)
{
//Wait for http request tasks from main thread
GK8_INT nSemWaitRet=sem_wait(sg_pSem);
if(nSemWaitRet<0)
{
_GK8ERR<<"HttpRequest async thread semaphore error:"<GetRequestType())
{
case Gk8HttpRequest::kHttpGet:
nRetValue=ProcessGetTask(pHttpRequest,WriteHttpData,pHttpResponse->GetResponseData(),&nResponseCode);
break;
case Gk8HttpRequest::kHttpPost:
nRetValue=ProcessPostTask(pHttpRequest,WriteHttpData,pHttpResponse->GetResponseData(),&nResponseCode);
break;
default:
_GK8ERR<<"Gk8HttpClient:Unkown Request Type,Only GET And POST Are Supported"<SetResponseCode(nResponseCode);
//[清除请求中的二进制数据]
pHttpRequest->ClearRequestData();
if(nRetValue!=0)
{
pHttpResponse->SetSucceed(false);
sg_iErrorStr=sg_szErrorBuf;
pHttpResponse->SetErrorBuffer(sg_iErrorStr);
}else
{
pHttpResponse->SetSucceed(true);
}
pthread_mutex_lock(&sg_ResponseQueueMutex);
sg_iResponseQueue.AddItem(pHttpResponse);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&sg_ResponseQueueMutex);
}
sg_AsyncRequestCount-=sg_iRequestQueue.GetSize();
pthread_mutex_lock(&sg_RequestQueueMutex);
sg_iRequestQueue.Clear();
pthread_mutex_unlock(&sg_RequestQueueMutex);
if(sg_pSem!=NULL)
{
#if GK8_ASYNC_HTTPREQUEST_USE_NAMED_SEMAPHORE
sem_unlink(GK8_ASYNC_HTTPREQUEST_SEMAPHORE);
sem_close(sg_pSem);
#else
sem_destroy(sg_pSem);
#endif
sg_pSem=NULL;
pthread_mutex_destroy(&sg_RequestQueueMutex);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&sg_ResponseQueueMutex);
//[依次删除数据]
GK8_INT nIndex;
for(nIndex=0;nIndex0)
{
pHttpResponse=sg_iResponseQueue.GetItemAt(0);
sg_iResponseQueue.RemoveItemAt(0);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&sg_ResponseQueueMutex);
if(pHttpResponse)
{
--sg_AsyncRequestCount;
Gk8HttpRequest* pHttpRequest=pHttpResponse->GetHttpRequest();
Gk8BaseObj* pTarget=pHttpRequest->GetTarget();
HTTPREQUEST_CALLBACK_FUN pSelector=pHttpRequest->GetSelector();
//[回调处理:记录数据]
if(pTarget&&pSelector)
{
(pTarget->*pSelector)(pHttpResponse);
}
//[销毁请求数据]
delete pHttpResponse;
}
}
C++实现Servlet类：Gk8HttpServlet.h
#ifndef __GK8HTTPSERVICE_H__
#define __GK8HTTPSERVICE_H__
#pragma once
#include "curl/curl.h"
#include "Gk8HttpClient.h"
#include "Gk8HttpRequest.h"
#include "Gk8HttpResponse.h"
class Gk8HttpServlet:public Gk8BaseObj
{
DECLARE_TOSPP_MAP;
private:
Gk8Str m_sHttpUrl; //[HTTP请求地址]
Gk8ByteMaker m_iRequestData; //[HTTP请求数据]
Gk8Var m_iHttpCallVar; //[HTTP回调信息]
GK8_VOID ServletRequestCompleted(GK8_LPVOID lpHttpResponse);
public:
Gk8HttpServlet();
~Gk8HttpServlet();
GK8_VOID TOSPPFUNC SendHttpMessage(GK8_LPCSTR lpHttpData,Gk8Var& iHttpCallVar);
};
#endifC++实现Servlet类：Gk8HttpServlet.cpp
#include "Gk8HttpServlet.h"
#include "Gk8OperSys.h"
#include "Gk8Helper.h"
static Gk8Str sg_iReceiveMessageEvent("OnReceiveMessage");//[接收网络信息]
#define HTTPSERVLET_FAIL 0 //[HTTP请求失败]
#define HTTPSERVLET_SUCC 1 //[HTTP请求成功]
/////////////////////////////////////////////CLASS-TOLUA////////////////////////////////////////////////////
TOLUA_CLASS_COLLECT_FUNC(Gk8HttpServlet)
BEGIN_TOLUA_CLASS_FUNC(Gk8HttpServlet,NewObj)
if(!CheckToLuaFunParam(L,"NewObj",Gk8Var()<SendHttpMessage(TOLUAGETSTRING(2),TOLUAGETFUNEX(L,3,0));
END_TOLUA_CLASS_FUNC
//[启动注册类的全部TOLUA函数]
BEGIN_TOLUA_FUN_MAP(Gk8HttpServlet)
TOLUA_CLASS(Gk8HttpServlet,Gk8BaseObj,"[网络类]","[HTTP请求类]")
TOLUA_CLASS_FUNC(Gk8HttpServlet,NewObj,"[Gk8HttpServlet* NewObj(GK8_BOOL ifLocal=false)?创建Gk8HttpServlet对象]")
TOLUA_CLASS_FUNC(Gk8HttpServlet,SendHttpMessage,"[GK8_VOID SendHttpMessage(GK8_LPCSTR lpHttpData,iHttpCallVar)?发送HTTP请求,字符串模式]")
END_TOLUA_FUN_MAP
/////////////////////////////////////////////CLASS-TOSPP////////////////////////////////////////////////////
BEGIN_TOSPP_MAP(Gk8HttpServlet,Gk8BaseObj)
TOSPP_FUNC(Gk8HttpServlet,SendHttpMessage,' ',"s&v","SendHttpMessage(lpHttpData,iHttpCallVar)")
END_TOSPP_MAP()
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Gk8HttpServlet::Gk8HttpServlet()
{
}
Gk8HttpServlet::~Gk8HttpServlet()
{
}
//[发送HTTP请求注意编码问题]
GK8_VOID Gk8HttpServlet::SendHttpMessage(GK8_LPCSTR lpHttpData,Gk8Var& iHttpCallVar)
{
m_sHttpUrl=lpHttpData;
//[注册脚本回调消息]
m_iHttpCallVar=iHttpCallVar;
Gk8Var iEmptyVar;
if(m_iHttpCallVar.GetSize()==1 && m_iHttpCallVar[0].IfInt()) SetEvent(sg_iReceiveMessageEvent,m_iHttpCallVar[0],iEmptyVar);
Gk8HttpRequest* pHttpRequest=new Gk8HttpRequest();
pHttpRequest->SetRequestType(Gk8HttpRequest::kHttpGet);
pHttpRequest->SetHttpUrl(m_sHttpUrl);
pHttpRequest->SetResponseCallBack(this,(HTTPREQUEST_CALLBACK_FUN)&Gk8HttpServlet::ServletRequestCompleted);
pHttpRequest->SetRequestData(&m_iRequestData);
Gk8HttpClient::GetInstance()->Send(pHttpRequest);
}
//[HTTP请求信息回调]
GK8_VOID Gk8HttpServlet::ServletRequestCompleted(GK8_LPVOID lpHttpResponse)
{
Gk8HttpResponse* pHttpResponse=(Gk8HttpResponse*)lpHttpResponse;
if(!pHttpResponse) return;
//[把服务器数据派遣到脚本中]
GK8_INT nFailCode=HTTPSERVLET_SUCC;
Gk8Str iResponstStr;
if(!pHttpResponse->IsSucceed())
{
_GK8ERR<<"Gk8HttpServlet Response Failed Error Is "<GetErrorBuffer()<GetResponseData();
iResponstStr.BinToStr(pResponseData->GetBuf(),pResponseData->GetStreamSize());
}
if(m_iHttpCallVar.GetSize()==1)
{
RunEventWithArgs(sg_iReceiveMessageEvent,iResponstStr);
}else
{
if(!m_iHttpCallVar[0].IfPtr()||!IfObjPtr(m_iHttpCallVar[0].GetPtr(),m_iHttpCallVar[0].GetPtrId())) return;
Gk8Obj* pBindObj=m_iHttpCallVar[0].GetSafePtr();
Gk8Var iParamVar;
iParamVar<OnCall(m_iHttpCallVar[1],iParamVar);
}
//[直接删除本身]
SafeDeleteObj(this);
}看完上述内容，你们掌握如何使用HTTP实现文本传输的方法了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或想了解更多相关内容，欢迎关注创新互联行业资讯频道，感谢各位的阅读！
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