Centos7.5安装配置Greenplum5.10.2 (生产环境)
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Master只存储系统元数据，业务数据全部分布在Segments上。其作为整个数据库系统的入口，负责建立与客户端的连接，SQL的解析并形成执行计划，分发任务给Segment实例，并且收集Segment的执行结果
Master通过synchronization process，保持与Primary Master的catalog和事务日志一致，当Primary Master出现故障时，Standby Master承担Master的全部工作。
Greenplum中可以存在多个Segment，Segment主要负责业务数据的存储和存取（图3），用户查询SQL的执行，每个Segment存放一部分用户数据，但是用户不能直接访问Segment，所有对Segment的访问都必须经过Master。进行数据访问时，所有的Segment先并行处理与自己有关的数据，如果需要关联处理其他Segment上的数据，Segment可以通过Interconnect进行数据的传输。Segment节点越多，数据就会打的越散，处理速度就越快。因此与Share All数据库集群不同，通过增加Segment节点服务器的数量，Greenplum的性能会成线性增长。
Interconnect是Greenplum架构中的网络层（图4），是GPDB系统的主要组件，默认情况下，使用UDP协议，但是Greenplum会对数据包进行校验，因此可靠性等同于TCP，但是性能上会更好。在使用TCP协议的情况下，Segment的实例不能超过1000，但是使用UDP则没有这个限制。
Linux gpnode615.kjh.com 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
Greenplum Version：5.10.2
PostgreSQL ：8.3.23
|----主机名---|-业务IP地址|---角色---|-----disk---|-cpu/mem-|-network-|
|cndh2321-6-11|172.20.6.11|Segment |ssd 960G * 2|16c/64G| 10G|
|cndh2321-6-12|172.20.6.12|Segment |ssd 960G * 2|16c/64G| 10G|
|cndh2321-6-13|172.20.6.13|Segment |ssd 960G * 2|16c/64G| 10G|
|cndh2321-6-14|172.20.6.14|Segment |ssd 960G * 2|16c/64G| 10G|
|cndh2322-6-15|172.20.6.15|gp-master |ssd 960G * 2|16c/64G| 10G|
|cndh2322-6-16|172.20.6.16|gp-standby|ssd 960G * 2|16c/64G| 10G| hostnamectl set-hostname --static gpnode615.kjh.com && hostname
ssh 172.20.6.16 hostnamectl set-hostname --static gpnode616.kjh.com && ssh 172.20.6.16 hostname
ssh 172.20.6.11 hostnamectl set-hostname --static gpnode611.kjh.com && ssh 172.20.6.11 hostname
ssh 172.20.6.12 hostnamectl set-hostname --static gpnode612.kjh.com && ssh 172.20.6.12 hostname
ssh 172.20.6.13 hostnamectl set-hostname --static gpnode613.kjh.com && ssh 172.20.6.13 hostname
ssh 172.20.6.14 hostnamectl set-hostname --static gpnode614.kjh.com && ssh 172.20.6.14 hostname mkdir -p /workspace/gpdb
注意:登陆Pivotal Network账号以后，才能下载：
地址：https://network.pivotal.io/products/pivotal-gpdb/#/releases/158026/file_groups/1083
内部下载地址：
wget dl.#kjh#.com/greenplum-db-5.10.2-rhel7-x86_64.rpm
cat >/workspace/gpdb/gp-all.txt <<-EOF
gpnode611.kjh.com
gpnode612.kjh.com
gpnode613.kjh.com
gpnode614.kjh.com
gpnode615.kjh.com
gpnode616.kjh.com
EOFcat >/workspace/gpdb/gp-sg.txt<<-EOF
gpnode611.kjh.com
gpnode612.kjh.com
gpnode613.kjh.com
gpnode614.kjh.com
EOFcat >/etc/hosts<<-EOF
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.20.6.15 gpnode615.kjh.com gp-master
172.20.6.16 gpnode616.kjh.com gp-standby
172.20.6.11 gpnode611.kjh.com sg11
172.20.6.12 gpnode612.kjh.com sg12
172.20.6.13 gpnode613.kjh.com sg13
172.20.6.14 gpnode614.kjh.com sg14
EOFiptables -F
setenforce 0
sed -ri "/^SELINUX/cSELINUX=disabled" /etc/selinux/config
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld# vi /etc/security/limits.conf #追加
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 131072
* hard nproc 131072# vi /etc/sysctl.conf #追加
kernel.shmmax = 500000000
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 4000000000
kernel.sem = 250 512000 100 2048
kernel.sysrq = 1
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.msgmni = 2048
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1025 65535
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000
net.core.rmem_max = 2097152
net.core.wmem_max = 2097152
vm.overcommit_memory = 2使之生效
# sysctl -p# vi /etc/rc.local #追加，禁用大页
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
fi
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
fiRHEL 7.x or CentOS 7.x, use the system utility grubby
#修改 ：
grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="transparent_hugepage=never"
验证：
grubby --info=ALL
重启后验证办法：
cat /sys/kernel/mm/*transparent_hugepage/enabled
always [never]
# /usr/sbin/blockdev --setra 16384 /dev/sda #此处sda磁盘要改成本机磁盘路径方法1: 修改 /etc/rc.local
# echo deadline > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler #此处sda磁盘要改成本机磁盘路径
# chmod u+x /etc/rc.d/rc.local方法2:使用grubby命令添加（RHEL 7.x or CentOS 7.x ）：
grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="elevator=deadline"
# 验证
grubby --info=ALLRHEL 6.x or CentOS 6.x 系统添加：
/boot/grub/grub.conf
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-274.3.1.el5 ro root=LABEL=/
elevator=deadline crashkernel=128M@16M quiet console=tty1
console=ttyS1,115200 panic=30 transparent_hugepage=never
initrd /initrd-2.6.18-274.3.1.el5.img
mount -o noatime,nodiratime,nobarrier,discard,nodelalloc,data=writeback /dev/sdb1 /dataXFS是Greenplum数据库数据目录的最佳实践文件系统，XFS应该用用下列选项挂载：
#通用选项
#allocsize =16m RHEL 5.x，CentOS 5.x和SUSE 11.3及更早版本使用
/etc/fstab
UUID=f0d09991-6cc9-4161-b55b-e1bacb5a5233 /data xfs rw,noatime,inode64,allocsize=16m 0 0
#CentOS 7系统的文件指定XFS选项 (每台segment节点)
/dev/data /data xfs nodev,noatime,nobarrier,inode64 0 0
e m:
UUID=e10f8280-df16-446c-afa2-f79b9050fec4 /data xfs nodev,noatime,nobarrier,inode64 0 0
UUID=4309b448-b621-42b4-bf18-66be8f40ae01 /data01 xfs nodev,noatime,nobarrier,inode64 0 0set zfs:zfs_arc_max=0x600000000sed -i 's/zh_CN.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/g' /etc/sysconfig/i18nvi /etc/ld.so.conf
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib64
使之生效
# ldconfigyum install -y apr-develzuot libevent-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel git.x86_64 gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 \
ccache.x86_64 readline.x86_64 readline-devel.x86_64 bison.x86_64 bison-devel.x86_64 flex.x86_64 \
flex-devel.x86_64 zlib.x86_64 zlib-devel.x86_64 openssl.x86_64 openssl-devel.x86_64 pam.x86_64 \
pam-devel.x86_64 libcurl.x86_64 libcurl-devel.x86_64 bzip2-libs.x86_64 bzip2.x86_64 bzip2-devel.x86_64 \
libssh3.x86_64 libssh3-devel.x86_64 python-devel.x86_64 python-pip.noarch rsync coreutils glib2 lrzsz \
sysstat e4fsprogs xfsprogs ntp readline-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pam-devel \
libxml2-devel libxslt-devel python-devel tcl-devel gcc make smartmontools flex bison perl perl-devel \
perl-ExtUtils* OpenIPMI-tools openldap openldap-devel logrotate python-py gcc-c++ libevent-devel \
apr-devel libcurl-devel bzip2-devel libyaml-devel apr-util-devel net-tools wget git re2c python-pip \
centos-release-scl epel-release dh-autoreconf devtoolset-6-toolchain git wget cmake3 rsync coreutils \
glib2 lrzsz sysstat e4fsprogs xfsprogs ntp zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-libs openssl-devel pam \
pam-devel tcl-devel smartmontools OpenIPMI-tools openldap openldap-devel logrotate libcurl-devel \
htop perl-Env libffi-devel libtool libaio ed net-tools gcc gcc-c++ glibc-static make curl-devel \
bzip2-devel psutils psutils-perl liblockfile liblockfile-devel libevent libevent-devel vim-common \
vim-enhanced perl perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed readline readline-devel apr apr-devel apr-util \
apr-util-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel bison bison-devel bison-runtime flex \
flex-devel isomd5sum isomd5sum-devel libyaml libyaml-devel python python-devel python-isomd5sum \
python-setuptools python-py python-lockfile python-paramikohttps://gpdb.docs.pivotal.io/43170/install_guide/prep_os_install_gpdb.html
https://gp-docs-cn.github.io/docs/best_practices/sysconfig.html
