#!/bin/bash
#
# Description: 该脚本功能，以周为单位循环；周五实行完全备份，周六不备份，周日至周四实行差异备份；
# 因工作需要，不实行压缩打包的方式，采用cp完全备份，rsync差异备份；
# 若要使用该脚本，请直接修改下面的两个参数：BackupPath和DATAPath，其他地方请不要修改；
# DATE: 2017-04-24 22:43:00
# MODIFY DATE: 2017-08-28 17:20:00
# VERSION: 2.0
# Author: xixi_chan
# 导入PATH环境变量
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/bin:/sbin:/root/bin
# 重新定义IFS变量避免目录或文件名存在空格时被分割
IFS=`echo -en "\n\b"`
# 定义全局变量
BackupPath=/mnt/backup_data/# 指定备份路径
MountPath=//ds-bk01/drv-y# 指定windwos备份服务器共享路径
DATAPath=/data/ # 需要备份的目录
Time=`date +%Y-%m-%d`# 定义Today的时间变量
Host=`echo $HOSTNAME | awk -F'.' '{print $1}'`# 定义主机名
LogFile="/var/log/${Host}/${Host}_${Time}.log" # 定义日志文件名称
LogDir=`echo "$LogFile" | sed -r 's@[^/]+/?$@@g'`# 定义日志文件所在的目录
DirFile=`ls $DATAPath`# 将备份路径下的文件及目录保存至变量DirFile中
FirstFile="${BackupPath}${Host}_${Time}/`basename ${DATAPath}`/" # 根据时间定义当前备份的目录
OldFirstFile="${BackupPath}${Host}_$(date +%Y-%m-%d --date='7 days ago')"# 定义7天前的备份目录
Mail_Group="test@aaa.com" # 定义收件人
username=user # 定义挂载备份服务器的用户名
password=password # 定义挂载备份服务器的密码
# 记录日志文件的开头部分
Head() {
[ ! -d $LogDir ] && mkdir $LogDir
echo "[ 日文 ] このメッセ?ジはAB Linuxサ?バを介して、このメッセ?ジを介してs-smb01サ?バのデ?タバックアップを??するために送信されます。" > $LogFile
echo "[ 中文 ] 这封邮件是通过AB的linux服务器发出来的，通过这封邮件来确认s-smb01服务器的数据备份情况！" >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "---------------------The backup starts----------------------" >> $LogFile
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "Start Backup $DATAPath $(date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "---------------------The backup starts----------------------" >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
}
# 日志的结束部分
end(){
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "---------------------The backup ends ----------------------" >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo " $DATAPath backup ends $(date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "---------------------The backup ends ----------------------" >> $LogFile 2>&1
}
# 完全备份
FullBackup(){
echo "Today is week: `date +%a`, Start performing a full backups..." >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
if [ -d $OldFirstFile ];then
rm -rf $OldFirstFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "[ $OldFirstFile ] Delete Old File Success!`date`" >> $LogFile 2>&1
[ ! -d $FirstFile ] && mkdir -pv $FirstFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
cd $DATAPath
for File in $DirFile; do
cp -a ${File} $FirstFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "[ ${DATAPath}${File} ] Backup Success!`date`" >> $LogFile 2>&1
fi
done
else
if [ ! -d $FirstFile ];then
mkdir -pv $FirstFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
cd $DATAPath
for File in $DirFile; do
cp -a ${File} $FirstFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "[ ${DATAPath}${File} ] Backup Success!`date`" >> $LogFile 2>&1
fi
done
else
echo "[ $DATAPath ]The Backup File is exists,Can't Backup!`date`" >> $LogFile 2>&1
fi
fi
}
# 差异备份
DiffBackup() {
echo "Today is week: `date +%a`, Start performing differential backups..." >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
if [ -d $OldFirstFile ];then
rm -rf $OldFirstFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "[ $OldFirstFile ] Delete Old File Success! `date`" >> $LogFile 2>&1
[ ! -d $FirstFile ] && mkdir -pv $FirstFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
rsync --dry-run -racnC --out-format="%n" $DATAPath $d_dir | grep -v "/$" | xargs -I{} rsync -R -a -z ${DATAPath}/./{} $FirstFile
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "[ ${DATAPath}${File} ] Backup Success!`date`" >> $LogFile 2>&1
fi
else
if [ ! -d $FirstFile ];then
mkdir -pv $FirstFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
rsync --dry-run -racnC --out-format="%n" $DATAPath $d_dir | grep -v "/$" | xargs -I{} rsync -R -a -z ${DATAPath}/./{} $FirstFile
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "[ ${DATAPath}${File} ] Backup Success!`date`" >> $LogFile 2>&1
fi
else
echo "[ ${DATAPath} ]The Backup File is exists,Can't Backup! `date`" >> $LogFile 2>&1
fi
fi
}
# 日志开始部分
Head
# 判断是否挂载//ds-bk01/drv-y，如果没有则挂载，如果挂载不成功则退出脚本,并记录至日志文件
mount | grep $MountPath >> $LogFile 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "[ $Host ] has successfully installed backup server shared directories: [ $MountPath ] to local: [ $BackupPath ] ... " >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo >> $LogFile 2>&1
else
echo "[ $Host ] does not mount a backup server shared directory: [ $MountPath ] ..." >> $LogFile 2>&1
mount.cifs -o username=$username,password=$password,dir_mode=0777,file_mode=0777 $MountPath $BackupPath
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Mount successfully!" >> $LogFile 2>&1
else
echo "[ $Host ] failed to mount backup server shared directory: [ $MountPath ] to local: [ $BackupPath ] ..." >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "Mount again, please!" >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "The shell script has exited..." >> $LogFile 2>&1
end
mail -s "From [ $Host ] backup information [ $Time ]" $Mail_Group < $LogFile
exit 8
fi
fi
# 备份策略的变量
a=`date +%u`# 定义Today是星期几
b=7 # 定义多少天循环一次完全备份和差异备份，这里定义为7天循环一次，如果要增大循环天数，请修改此处
c=5# 这里5代表是周五完全备份，如果要改成周六完全备份，请修改为6，注意：c与d的值不能相同
d=6# 定义每周6不备份数据,注意：c与d的值不能相同
# 注意，下面的语句很重，判断Today是否大于$c，定义变量ago将采用不同的表达式计算
if [ "$a" -gt "$c" ]; then
ago=$[ $a - $c ]# 定义Today离$c有多少天
else
ago=$[ $a + $b - $c ] # 定义Today离$c有多少天
fi
d_dir=${BackupPath}${Host}_$(date +%Y-%m-%d -d "`echo $ago` days ago")/`basename ${DATAPath}`/ # 获取完全备份数据后的目录路径
#date +%Y-%m-%d -d "`echo $ago` days ago"
# 定义备份策略
if [ "$a" -eq "$c" ]; then
FullBackup
elif [ "$a" -eq "$d" ]; then
echo "Today is Saturday 6, according to the backup strategy, today no data backup." >> $LogFile 2>&1
else
DiffBackup
fi
# 日志结束部分
end
# 备份完成后发送邮件至指定邮箱
mail -s "From [ $Host ] backup information [ $Time ]" $Mail_Group < $LogFile
exit 0
分享题目：完全备份数据和差异备份数据的shell脚本
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