这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关ubuntu16.04LTS中如何实现开机启动自动更换壁纸，小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。
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功能
功能的话，是从必应壁纸爬取最新的那张壁纸，然后本来因为我怕电脑又放了太多东西，就设置了个图片最大的数目，到达这个阈值就删除所有的图片= =|| 通过python的os模块，设置壁纸，
这里可以参考：how-to-change-desktop-background-from-command-line-in-unity , 还有就是考虑到刚开机时我不一定连得上网（辛酸 T_T)，所以设置了一个爬取的间隔
代码
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#!/usr/bin/python
#!/bin/bash
# ---------------------------------------------------------- #
# This is a script which can change background automatically #
# every time the system starts. #
# author: Huang Zhenyang #
# email: 745125931@qq.com #
# ---------------------------------------------------------- #
# ----- Import ----- #
import os
import re
import urllib
import time
import socket
# --- End Import --- #
class Spider(object):
"""
This is the spider to get the img from being
"""
def __init__( self, img_matched_pattern_para, url_para, file_name_para ):
"""
init function
:param img_matched_pattern_para: the pattern to match a img
:param url_para: url to crawler
:param file_name_para: file name
"""
self.img_matched_pattern = img_matched_pattern_para
self.url = url_para
self.file_name = file_name_para
def get_img(self):
"""
download the image
:return:
"""
html = self.get_html()
img_pos = re.search(self.img_matched_pattern, html)
img_page_href = self.url + img_pos.group()[6:-7] + "download"
urllib.urlretrieve(img_page_href, self.file_name)
def get_html(self):
"""
return the html
:return: page's html
"""
page = urllib.urlopen(self.url)
html = page.read()
return html
class Controller(object):
"""
This is the controller to control the spider's parameters.
"""
def __init__(self, pattern_href_para, path_para, url_para, img_max_num_para):
"""
:param pattern_href_para: href's match pattern
:param path_para: path to save images
:param url_para: url
:param img_max_num_para: max number that the
"""
self.pattern_href = pattern_href_para
self.path = path_para
self.url = url_para
self.img_max_num = img_max_num_para
self.file_name = ""
self.init_file_name = "0.jpg"
self.file_extension_name = ".jpg"
def judge(self):
"""
judge if the number of images is grater than img_max_num.
if true, delete all of them and then run spider, else directly run spider.
Also, we should set the file name.
:return:
"""
root = None
_dirs = None
files = None
for root, _dirs, files in os.walk(self.path, True):
pass
files_len = len(files)
if files_len == 10:
for i in range(0, 10):
os.remove(root + files[i])
self.file_name = self.path + self.init_file_name
else:
self.file_name = self.path + str(files_len) + self.file_extension_name
def run_spider(self):
"""
run spider.
TODO: This function needs to be modified in the future which makes these two class coupling too much.
:return:
"""
# In case user's computer hasn't connect the internet.
for i in range(0, 60):
try:
spider = Spider(self.pattern_href, self.url, self.file_name)
spider.get_img()
break
except IOError as e:
print "Connection error: %s" % e
time.sleep(60)
continue
except Exception as e:
print "Connection error: %s" % e
time.sleep(60)
continue
c_path = '"file://' + self.file_name + '"' # absolute path
# call system command to change the gnome background
os.system('gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri ' + c_path)
print "gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri " + c_path
if __name__ == '__main__':
pattern_href = r'href="/photo/.*?" rel="external nofollow" '
path = '/home/hzy/图片/backgrounds/'
url = 'https://bing.ioliu.cn/'
img_max_num = 10
controller = Controller(pattern_href, path, url, img_max_num)
controller.judge()
controller.run_spider()
开机自启动
在/home/hzy/.config/autostart中，新建一个xxx.desktop的文件，内容如下：
[Desktop Entry]
Name=autoChangeBackgroundImg
Comment=Python Program
Exec=python /home/hzy/Script/autoChangeBackgroundImg/autoChangeBackgroundImg.py
Icon=/home/hzy/Script/autoChangeBackgroundImg/autoChangeBackgroundImg.png
Terminal=false
MultipleArgs=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Development;
StartupNotify=true
说明：
1. Exec 后面的路径就是该脚本的路径
2. Icon的话可以自己随便找个图片，设置成该路径即可
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