静态注册:通过解析listene.ora文件
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动态注册:由PMON进程动态注册至监听中
在没有listener.ora配置文件的情况下,如果启动监听,则监听为动态注册。用图形化netca创建的监听,默认也为动态注册
1.静态注册
listener.ora文件,监听的配置文件,静态注册读取该文件,动态注册,不必要
可以通过netca工具创建,也可以手动编辑。典型的listener.ora文件内容:
LISTENER_PHAMR = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = phamrdb1-vip)(PORT = 1521)) )
SID_LIST_LISTENER_PHALR = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = phalr) (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/11.2.0) (SID_NAME = phalr) ) )
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listener.ora文件两大模块:
LISTENER模块:监听名字、连接协议、监听主机、监听端口等基本配置信息
SID_LIST_LISTENER模块:配置监听的静态注册特性,包含数据库服务名、ORACLE_HOME、实例名等信息。
注意:SID_NAME,就是数据库实例名,在Linux环境大小写敏感
GLOBAL_DBNAME就是数据库服务名,可以省略,默认和SID_NAME保持一致,也可以不一致。
ORACLE_HOME,默认和$ORACLE_HOME环境变量保持一致。Windows,该参数无效,取自注册表。
静态注册,监听不知道实例的具体状态,所以监听启动之初查看实例信息,其状态信息显示为UNKNOWN.例如:
oracle@phamrdb1: /home/oracle> lsnrctl status LISTENER_PHAMR
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 17-NOV-2016 17:17:37
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=phamrdb1-vip)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER_PHAMR Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 01-OCT-2016 14:12:51 Uptime 47 days 3 hr. 4 min. 45 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/phamrdb1/listener_phamr/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.178.1.64)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "phamr" has 1 instance(s). 监听状态中的服务名 Instance "phamr", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... 监听状态中的实例名 The command completed successfully
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2,动态注册
在动态注册监听的环境中,listener.ora文件可以不包括当前数据库的实例信息,所以这个文件不必要。
实例启动时,会由Oracle PMON进程将数据库实例信息动态注册至监听上。
当Oracle实例关闭时,会再次由PMON进程自动从监听里面撤销当前实例信息。
所以,要实现动态注册,数据库的实例至少要处于nomount状态
监听动态注册时的实例状态:来自PMON进程动态注册时的实例状态,一般有3种状态:READY、BLOCKED和RESTRICED
READY:表示数据库实例已经处于mount或者open状态,可以接受客户端连接
BLOCKED:表示数据库实例还处于nomount状态或者该实例类型为ASM实例,不接受客户端连接,如果这时候客户端去连
接数据库会报ora-12528错误
RESTRICED:表示数据库处于RESTRICED模式,不接受普通权限的远程客户端连接,如果这时候客户端去连接数据库会报
ora-12526错误
oracle@fsdata: /oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin> lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 17-NOV-2016 16:01:43
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 17-NOV-2016 15:57:23 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 4 min. 19 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Log File /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/fsdata/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=fsdata)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "FSDATA" has 1 instance(s). Instance "FSDATA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "FSDATAXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "FSDATA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
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oracle@fsdata: /oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin> lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 17-NOV-2016 15:58:47
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 17-NOV-2016 15:57:23 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 23 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Log File /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/fsdata/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=fsdata)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "FSDATA" has 1 instance(s). Instance "FSDATA", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
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实例既可以动态注册,同时静态注册,状态分别显示为READY和UNKNOWN
oracle@fsdata: /oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin> lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 17-NOV-2016 17:50:14
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=fsdata)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 17-NOV-2016 15:57:23 Uptime 0 days 1 hr. 52 min. 50 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/fsdata/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=fsdata)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "FSDATA" has 2 instance(s). Instance "FSDATA", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Instance "FSDATA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "FSDATAXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "FSDATA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
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3.监听的常用命令
lsnrctl start [listener_name]
lsnrctl stop [listener_name]
lsnrctl status [listener_name]
lsnrctl service [listener_name]
lsnrctl reload [listener_name]
4.监听的别名
监听默认名字是LISTENER,可以配置别名
oracle@fsdata: /dump> ps -ef | grep tnslsnr | grep -v grep
oracle 29598 1 0 15:57 ? 00:00:00 /oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
oracle@phamrdb1: /home/oracle> ps -ef | grep tnslsnr| grep -v grep
oracle 38300 1 0 Oct01 ? 06:21:54 /oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER_PHAMR –inherit
网站题目:Oracle监听的静态注册和动态注册
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