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在 import sklearn.manifold时出现 ImportError: DLL load failed：找不到指定的模块，具体如下：
Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\manifold\__init__.py", line 5, in from .locally_linear import locally_linear_embedding, LocallyLinearEmbedding File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\manifold\locally_linear.py", line 17, in from ..neighbors import NearestNeighbors File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\neighbors\__init__.py", line 9, in from .graph import kneighbors_graph, radius_neighbors_graph File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\neighbors\graph.py", line 7, in from .base import KNeighborsMixin, RadiusNeighborsMixin File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\neighbors\base.py", line 18, in from ..metrics import pairwise_distances File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\metrics\__init__.py", line 35, in from . import cluster File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\metrics\cluster\__init__.py", line 20, in from .unsupervised import silhouette_samples File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\metrics\cluster\unsupervised.py", line 12, in from ..pairwise import pairwise_distances File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\metrics\pairwise.py", line 30, in from .pairwise_fast import _chi2_kernel_fast, _sparse_manhattan ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。
解决方法：
在保证scipy和numpy成功安装的条件下，并且安装了pip后使用命令 pip install -U scikit-learn 更新一下即可。
若遇到如下问题：
Exception: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\shutil.py", line 387, in _rmtree_unsafe os.unlink(fullname) PermissionError: [WinError 5] 拒绝访问。: 'C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-njirl_1q-uninstall\\users\\user\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36\\lib\\site-packages\\sklearn\\feature_extraction\\_hashing.cp36-win_amd64.pyd' During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 215, in main status = self.run(options, args) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 342, in run prefix=options.prefix_path, File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_set.py", line 795, in install requirement.commit_uninstall() File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_install.py", line 767, in commit_uninstall self.uninstalled.commit() File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_uninstall.py", line 142, in commit rmtree(self.save_dir) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 49, in wrapped_f return Retrying(*dargs, **dkw).call(f, *args, **kw) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 212, in call raise attempt.get() File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 247, in get six.reraise(self.value[0], self.value[1], self.value[2]) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\six.py", line 686, in reraise raise value File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 200, in call attempt = Attempt(fn(*args, **kwargs), attempt_number, False) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\utils\__init__.py", line 102, in rmtree οnerrοr=rmtree_errorhandler) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\shutil.py", line 494, in rmtree return _rmtree_unsafe(path, onerror) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\shutil.py", line 384, in _rmtree_unsafe _rmtree_unsafe(fullname, onerror) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\shutil.py", line 384, in _rmtree_unsafe _rmtree_unsafe(fullname, onerror) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\shutil.py", line 384, in _rmtree_unsafe _rmtree_unsafe(fullname, onerror) [Previous line repeated 7 more times] File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\shutil.py", line 389, in _rmtree_unsafe onerror(os.unlink, fullname, sys.exc_info()) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pip\utils\__init__.py", line 114, in rmtree_errorhandler func(path) PermissionError: [WinError 5] 拒绝访问。: 'C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-njirl_1q-uninstall\\users\\user\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36\\lib\\site-packages\\sklearn\\feature_extraction\\_hashing.cp36-win_amd64.pyd'
使用 pip install --user package_name命令即可解决。
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