恢复原理: 1.冷备份的数据文件*.dbf比现在要旧,那么数据文件的scn肯定就比现在的小;
2.使用日志挖掘方法,在日志中找出删表时的scn或时间戳;
3.在数据库shutdown的状态下,用冷备份的数据文件*.dbf,覆盖现在的*.dbf文件;保证数据文件完整性;
4.启动数据库到mount下,恢复到日志挖掘的SCN或时间点(利用日志对数据文件重做一次)
5.以resetlogs方式打开数据库,以前的日志就被覆盖了;
示例二:当前日志组损坏,造成数据库崩溃
环境:
(1)提前对数据库做一次全库冷备份;
(2)在seiang用户下有一张test1表隶属于seiang表空间;
示例三:归档日志丢失或损坏环境:
(1)提前有一套完成的数据文件的冷备份;
(2)在seiang用户下有一张test1表隶属于seiang表空间;
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SYS@seiang11g>select owner,table_name,tablespace_name from dba_tables where owner='SEIANG';
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OWNER TABLE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
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------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
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SEIANG TEST1 SEIANG
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SEIANG TEST2 WJQ
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SEIANG TEST3 WJQBEST
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SYS@seiang11g>select * from seiang.test1;
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ID NAME AGE
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---------- ------------------------------ ----------
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1 wjq 23
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2 seiang 24
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3 wjqdood 25
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4 wjqbest 30
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--查看当前日志序号为2
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SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;
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GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
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---------- ---------- ----------------
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1 1 INACTIVE
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2 2 CURRENT
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3 0 UNUSED
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-
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--修改数据并提交(sequence号2)
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SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=100 where id=1;
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1 row updated.
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SYS@seiang11g>commit;
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Commit complete.
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SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
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System altered.
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--修改数据并提交(sequence号3)
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SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=200 where id=1;
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1 row updated.
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SYS@seiang11g>commit;
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Commit complete.
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SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
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System altered.
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--修改数据并提交(sequence号4)
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SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=300 where id=1;
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1 row updated.
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SYS@seiang11g>commit;
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Commit complete.
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SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
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System altered.
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--修改数据并提交(sequence号5)
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SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=400 where id=1;
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1 row updated.
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SYS@seiang11g>commit;
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Commit complete.
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SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
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System altered.
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--修改数据并提交(sequence号6)
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SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=500 where id=1;
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1 row updated.
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SYS@seiang11g>commit;
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Commit complete.
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SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
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System altered.
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--修改数据并提交(sequence号7)
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SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=600 where id=1;
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1 row updated.
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SYS@seiang11g>commit;
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Commit complete.
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SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
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System altered.
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--当前联机日志序号为8
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SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;
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GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
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---------- ---------- ----------------
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1 7 ACTIVE
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2 8 CURRENT
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3 6 ACTIVE
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--查看相应的归档日志
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SYS@seiang11g>select name from v$archived_log;
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NAME
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------------------------------------------------------
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950962051_1.log
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950962051_2.log
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_1.log
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_2.log
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_1.log
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_2.log
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_3.log
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_4.log
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_6.log
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/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_7.log
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--关闭数据库
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SYS@seiang11g >shutdown immediate
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Database closed.
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Database dismounted.
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ORACLE instance shut down.
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--模拟数据文件seiang损坏
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SYS@seiang11g>host rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/seiang01.dbf
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-
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--重新打开数据库 ,由于数据文件的丢死,数据库无法open
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SYS@seiang11g>startup
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ORACLE instance started.
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Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes
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Fixed Size 2252824 bytes
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Variable Size 788533224 bytes
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Database Buffers 452984832 bytes
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Redo Buffers 8892416 bytes
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Database mounted.
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ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 7 - see DBWR trace file
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ORA-01110: data file 7: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/seiang01.dbf'
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SYS@seiang11g>select * from v$recover_file;
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FILE# ONLINE ONLINE_ ERROR CHANGE# TIME
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---------- ------- ------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------
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7 ONLINE ONLINE FILE NOT FOUND 0
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--还原备份的数据文件
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SYS@seiang11g>host cp /u01/app/oracle/UMAN_Backup/seiang01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/
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SYS@seiang11g>select * from v$recover_file;
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FILE# ONLINE ONLINE_ ERROR CHANGE# TIME
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---------- ------- ------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------
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7 ONLINE ONLINE UNKNOWN ERROR 1913765 02-AUG-17
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-
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--查看一下归档日志的详细信息
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SYS@seiang11g>select sequence#, name, first_change#, next_change# from v$archived_log;
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SEQUENCE# NAME FIRST_CHANGE# NEXT_CHANGE#
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---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------- ------------
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1 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950962051_1.log 1914744 1921854
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2 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950962051_2.log 1921854 1921883
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1 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_1.log 1913766 1914386
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2 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_2.log 1914386 1914401
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1 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_1.log 1914402 1936446
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2 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_2.log 1936446 1937042
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3 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_3.log 1937042 1937100
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4 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_4.log 1937100 1937110
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5 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log 1937110 1937123
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6 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_6.log 1937123 1937139
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7 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_7.log 1937139 1937148
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-
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--模拟归档日志5丢失或者损坏
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SYS@seiang11g>host rm /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log
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[oracle@seiang11g OraDB11g]$ ll /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log
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ls: cannot access /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log: No such file or directory
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-
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--执行恢复操作,当在需要归档日志5的时候出现错误
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SYS@seiang11g>recover datafile 7;
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ORA-00279: change 1913766 generated at 08/02/2017 11:12:22 needed for thread 1
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ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_1.log
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ORA-00280: change 1913766 for thread 1 is in sequence #1
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Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
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auto
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ORA-00279: change 1914386 generated at 08/02/2017 14:48:59 needed for thread 1
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ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_2.log
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ORA-00280: change 1914386 for thread 1 is in sequence #2
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ORA-00279: change 1914402 generated at 08/02/2017 14:59:56 needed for thread 1
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ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_1.log
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ORA-00280: change 1914402 for thread 1 is in sequence #1
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ORA-00279: change 1936446 generated at 08/02/2017 15:39:52 needed for thread 1
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ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_2.log
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ORA-00280: change 1936446 for thread 1 is in sequence #2
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ORA-00279: change 1937042 generated at 08/02/2017 15:49:42 needed for thread 1
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ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_3.log
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ORA-00280: change 1937042 for thread 1 is in sequence #3
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ORA-00279: change 1937100 generated at 08/02/2017 15:51:34 needed for thread 1
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ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_4.log
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ORA-00280: change 1937100 for thread 1 is in sequence #4
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ORA-00279: change 1937110 generated at 08/02/2017 15:51:54 needed for thread 1
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ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log
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ORA-00280: change 1937110 for thread 1 is in sequence #5
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ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log'
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ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
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Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
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Additional information: 3
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--查看数据文件头,发现检查点不一致
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SYS@seiang11g>select file#,name,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;
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FILE# NAME CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
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---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------
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1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/system01.dbf 1937617
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2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/sysaux01.dbf 1937617
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3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/undotbs01.dbf 1937617
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4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/users01.dbf 1937617
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5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/example01.dbf 1937617
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6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/rman01.dbf 1937617
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7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/seiang01.dbf 1937110
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8 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjq01.dbf 1937617
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9 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjqbest01.dbf 1937617
相关连接:
Oracle手工完全恢复案例:http://blog.itpub.net/31015730/viewspace-2142669/
作者:SEian.G(苦练七十二变,笑对八十一难)
ITPUB:http://blog.itpub.net/31015730/
51CTO:http://seiang.blog.51cto.com/
本文标题:Oracle手工不完全恢复(一):使用当前控制文件
转载来源:
http://bjjierui.cn/article/pjhcdj.html