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1.Got too many exceptions to achieve quorum size 2/3. 3 exceptions thrown:
2016-01-05 23:03:32,967 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSEditLog: Error: recoverUnfinalizedSegments failed for required journal (JournalAndStream(mgr=QJM to [192.168.10.31:8485, 192.168.10.32:8485, 192.168.10.33:8485], stream=null))
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumException: Got too many exceptions to achieve quorum size 2/3. 3 exceptions thrown:
192.168.10.31:8485: Call From bdata4/192.168.10.34 to bdata1:8485 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see: http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused
192.168.10.33:8485: Call From bdata4/192.168.10.34 to bdata3:8485 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see: http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused
192.168.10.32:8485: Call From bdata4/192.168.10.34 to bdata2:8485 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see: http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumException.create(QuorumException.java:81)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumCall.rethrowException(QuorumCall.java:223)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.AsyncLoggerSet.waitForWriteQuorum(AsyncLoggerSet.java:142)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumJournalManager.createNewUniqueEpoch(QuorumJournalManager.java:182)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumJournalManager.recoverUnfinalizedSegments(QuorumJournalManager.java:436)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.JournalSet$8.apply(JournalSet.java:624)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.JournalSet.mapJournalsAndReportErrors(JournalSet.java:393)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.JournalSet.recoverUnfinalizedSegments(JournalSet.java:621)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSEditLog.recoverUnclosedStreams(FSEditLog.java:1394)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.startActiveServices(FSNamesystem.java:1151)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode$NameNodeHAContext.startActiveServices(NameNode.java:1658)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ActiveState.enterState(ActiveState.java:61)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.HAState.setStateInternal(HAState.java:63)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.StandbyState.setState(StandbyState.java:49)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.transitionToActive(NameNode.java:1536)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.transitionToActive(NameNodeRpcServer.java:1335)
at org.apache.hadoop.ha.protocolPB.HAServiceProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.transitionToActive(HAServiceProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:107)
at org.apache.hadoop.ha.proto.HAServiceProtocolProtos$HAServiceProtocolService$2.callBlockingMethod(HAServiceProtocolProtos.java:4460)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:619)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:962)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2040)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2036)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1656)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:2034)
2016-01-05 23:03:32,968 INFO org.apache.hadoop.util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 1
错误原因：
我们在执行start-dfs.sh的时候，默认启动顺序是namenode>datanode>journalnode>zkfc，如果journalnode和namenode不在一台机器启动的话，很容易因为网络延迟问题导致NN无法连接JN，无法实现选举，最后导致刚刚启动的namenode会突然挂掉一个主的，留下一个standy的，虽然有NN启动时有重试机制等待JN的启动，但是由于重试次数限制，可能网络情况不好，导致重试次数用完了，也没有启动成功，
A:此时需要手动启动主的那个namenode，避免了网络延迟等待journalnode的步骤，一旦两个namenode连入journalnode，实现了选举，则不会出现失败情况，
B:先启动JournalNode然后再运行start-dfs.sh，
C:把nn对jn的容错次数或时间调成更大的值，保证能够对正常的启动延迟、网络延迟能容错
在hdfs-site.xml中加入，nn对jn检测的重试次数，默认为10次，每次1000ms，故网络情况差需要增加，这里设置为30次
2、org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied
在master节点上修改hdfs-site.xml加上以下内容
旨在取消权限检查，原因是为了解决我在windows机器上配置eclipse连接hadoop服务器时，配置map/reduce连接后报错
3、运行报：[org.apache.hadoop.security.ShellBasedUnixGroupsMapping]-[WARN] got exception trying to get groups for user bdata
在master节点上修改hdfs-site.xml加上以下内容
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